Class 10 UP board Economics Chapter 1 Development ,What is development?

-What we study in this Chapter.

-what  is Development?

-why it’s important?

What is development?

Chapter – 1

• Development is a vast concept including economic development, good governance, reducing poverty, etc.

• Principles of Goal of Development

• Different people have different development goals.
• Ex:

Landless Labour► goal ← own land

rich pleasant► goal → get good price of crop

big business man▸ goal → opportunity to explore their business

(AI) क्या है? कृत्रिम बुद्धिमत्ता , Ai kya hai (Artificial Intelligence kya hai)

• Development goal conflict from one person to another person.
• Ex: Big business man developed a dam to produce electricity & earn profit but lots of people migrate from one place to another place.
• People have mixed development goals:

• Materialistic goal

► Income

► Money

• Non Materialistic goal

► Respect

► Education

Comparison between countries on the basis of Income

• Average Income (Per capita Income)
• Average Income

= Total Income of Country

= Total Population

• Use Average income data by W.B (IBRD) to classify countries i.e. Development, Under Developed, Developing

=> 2017 Data

-> 12056 Dollar per annum ->Developed

-> 955 Dollar per annum-> Under Developing

-> 1105 Dollar per annum -> Developing (India)

Parameters used by WB to comparison between countries

-> Average Income or Per capitaIncome

=  Total income of a country

___________________

Total population of a Country

or

= Income of all residents

_______________________

Total No. of inhabitant

Indian State:

PUNJAB                         A

-> high Income ↑              -> high Income ↑

-> Literacy rate ↑            -> Literacy rate ↑

-> Infant Mortality rate ↓    -> Infant   Mortality rate ↓

-> Net Attendance ratio ↑     -> Net Attendance ratio ↑

Materialistic:

Income

Non Materialistic: 

Respect

Education

Life expectation

Health

Pollution Free environment

Expected duration of life.

National Development :-

Country nation Developement  depend on citizen well being

WB – Income as a Parameters citizens well being to classify countries

HDR:- human development report

HDI:- human development index

National Developed:-

->Country national Developed depend on citizens

-> leaving standard public facility like health, sanitation,food security

->this are  provided by government

WB(world bank):- Income as a Parameters to classify

UNDP(united development program):-

HDR.           OR.               HDI

Human                             Human

Development                    Development

Reports                            Index

(____________________________)

|

-Per capita Income

-health

-Education

Indian State    (PCI)    (IMR)     (Literacy)

Haryana.      162000    33%       80%

Kerala.          140000.   10%        94%

Bihar.            38000.     45%.        57%

Body mass Index(BMI):-

BMI is a value declared from the mass and height of a person universal S.I. unit of BMI is kg/mg²

1. ideal weight of 14 years boy body mass Index=18.5 to 24.9
2. ideal weight of 14 years girl body mass Index=18.5 to 24.9
3.  BMI.                  Weight

1-Below  18.5  –     under weight

2-18.5 to 24.9 –      normal

3- About 24.9 –        over weight

1. Infant Mortality Rate (IMR): It indicates the number of children that die before one year of age per 1,000 live births in a particular year.

2. Net Attendance Ratio (NAR): It is the total number of children of age group 6 to 14 attending school as a percentage of the total number of children in the same age group.

3. Literacy Rate: The literacy rate for those above 7 years is the percentage of people aged 7 and above who can read, write, and understand the local language.

4. Per Capita Income (PCI) or Average Income: It is the average income earned per person in a given area (city, region, country) in a specified year. It is calculated by dividing the total income of the country by the total population of the country.

PCI = total Income of Country

Total Population of Country

5. Nation Income:

The income of the country of all residents of the country this gives us the total income of the country called the Nation Income

      Sustainable Development

:- Brunt gland commission 1987 -first time used that word “sustainable” Development

:- sustainable development should take place without damaging the environment. :-Developed should not compromised with the need of future generation

:- use of resources as a judiciary maner.

Thanku Satyam